Afghanistan,Albania,Algeria,Andorra,Angola,Armenia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Bahrain,Belarus, Belgium,Benin,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria,Burkina Faso,Cameroon,Central African Republic,Chad,China,Croatia, Cyprus,Czech Republic,Democratic Republic of Congo,Denmark,Djibouti,Egypt,Equatorial Guinea,Eritrea,Estonia,Ethiopia, Finland,France,Gambia,Georgia,Germany,Ghana,Gibraltar,Greece,Guinea,Hungary, Iran,Iraq,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Ivory Coast,Jordan,Kazakhstan,Kenya,Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,Latvia,Lebanon,Liberia,Libya,Liechtenstein,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Macedonia,Mali, Malta,Mauritania,Moldova,Monaco,Mongolia,Montenegro,Morocco,Namibia,Netherlands,Niger, Nigeria,Norway,Oman,Palestine,Poland,Portugal,Qatar,Romania,Russia,Rwanda, San Marino,Saudi Arabia,Senegal,Serbia,Sierra Leone,Slovakia,Slovenia,Somalia,South Sudan,Spain, Sudan,Sweden,Switzerland,Syria,Tajikistan,Tanzania,Togo,Tunisia,Turkey,Turkmenistan, Uganda,Ukraine,United Arab Emirates,United Kingdom,Uzbekistan,Western Sahara,Yemen,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
phoenicurus
w, c, e Europe and nw Africa to e Kazakhstan, sc Siberia, w China (Xinjiang) and n Mongolia
samamisicus
Greece, s Bulgaria, Turkey, Crimea, and the Caucasus to Iran, se Uzbekistan and w Tajikistan. (Intergrade phoenicurus/samamisicus populations in se Europe and the Balkans to the n Black Sea region)
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)